LAD #37

Brown v. Board of Education

• Topeka, Kansas
• Linda Brown
• African-American
• third grader
• wanted to attend the white school instead of walk a much longer distance to the black school
• NAACP and the Browns lost locally, but they appealed the decision all the way to the Supreme Court
• stated that the African-American children had developed an inferiority complex
• segregation that made them see themselves as inferior
•  supreme court
• "separate but equal" between races isn't actually equal at all
• all public schools had to be racially integrated
• didn't actually happen for many years
• beginning of the Civil Rights Movement

LAD #36

Truman Doctrine Summarized

• concerned with Greece and Turkey
• Greeks have asked for economic assistance
• wants to support them
• Turkey needs help too
• World War II came about due to countries trying to impose their will on other countries
• Greece and Turkey are being oppressed 
• Domino theory
• requests Congress to give 400 million to Turkey and 350 million to Greece for aid
• investing in world peace
• 341 billion to WWII

LAD #33

Franklin Roosevelt

• says he will assist you all with firm leadership
• A lot of citizens are unemployed
• Bankers are rejected by many
• forced to lend more money
• Happiness does not lie in money; it lies in achieving
• government needs to stimulate jobs and the use of natural resources
• people must re-balance the population of industrial centers
• and raise the values of agricultural products
• strict banking measures of safety
• These are the only ways to recover
• cannot recover instantly but can recover fast
• he  will also try to get Congress to agree with him
• he does not think democracy will cease to exist, but he thinks we need action in the democracy

LAD #32

Kellogg-Briand Pact Summary

• countries had signed a treaty at Paris
• good time to announce our renunciation of war as an instrument of national policy
• all agree to denounce war as an instrument of national policy
• As soon as this treaty has been signed, it will come into immediate effect
• people have their seal on it and these are those who are responsible.

LAD #35

FDR's executive order summary

• Because they are in war, the US must act vigilantly
• Espionage Act
• must create military zones
• ensure control of camps
• all of these responsibilities belong to attorney general

LAD #34

FDR's Declaration of War Summary

First the United States was peaceful, and it was going well.

And then Japan attacked us.

They bombed us and did not warn us beforehand. It was a surprise attack.

Because of this, FDR asked Congress to declare war on Japan.

LAD #31

Wilson's 14 points summarized

• time for a peace and settlement agreement
• russians are more safe
• central powers better represented by civilians
• World peace will only last with...
• diplomacy
• freedom of the seas
• removal of economic barriers between countries
• no militarism
• impartiality according to colonialism
• the evacuation of Russian territory
• Belgium is free
• France is returned to its original glory
• Italy shall be corrected
• Austria-Hungary should be allowed no restrictions
• the Turkish and those under their rule should be free
• Polish should have access to the sea and be free
• League of Nations should be formed

LAD #30

Schneck vs U.S. case summary

• Charles Schneck was part of the head of the Socialist Party in America
• wrote letters to convince people not submit to the draft
• said it was part of a capitalist ploy
• People said that Schneck violated the Espionage Act
• Supreme Court justified this accusation
• cited 1st amendment
• 'a clear and present danger' [the war)]
• reason to deny his right to free speech

LAD #29

The Keating-Owen Child Labor Act

• use the government's role to regulate interstate commerce to fight against child labor
• banned the sale of products from any factory that...
•  employed children younger than 14
• employed children under 16
• any factory that made children under 16 work more than eight hours
• effective until it was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in the 1918 case Hammer vs. Dagenhar

LAD #28

Wilson's First Inaugural Summarized

• Woodrow Wilson, the Democratic candidate, won the Presidency in 1912 when the Republican vote was split between the Taft and Roosevelt. 
• addresses the gradual change in the government to favor the Democratic Party
• claims that now the government's and the nation's job is to cleanse and correct the evils brought about by the heedlessness of the country's industrialization
• addresses issues
• need to alter the foreign tariff
•  the banking system
• the industrial system
• the agricultural system

LAD #27

The Clayton Anti-Trust Act Summarized

hi mr. decarlo, how are olivia and little alec?

(from Lindsay Iuppa)

• act prohibits price discrimination between different purchasers if such discrimination substantially lessens competition or tends to create a monopoly in any line of commerce
• prohibits "exclusive dealings"
• consumer agrees to only buy from one seller
• also prohibits "tying"
• buyer agrees to buy one product in collaboration with another
•  it prohibits any one person from being a director of two or more competing corporations

LAD #17

Ain't I A Woman?

Sojourner Truth's speech summarized

• Some people look down on women
• say they have to be helped into carriages
• have to be lifted over ditches
• does the same work of many men - and women- through her slavery
• yet she gets no treatment

"Don't I have equal rights?"

"Women must turn the world right side up again so that women and men are equal."

LAD #26

Happy MLK Jr Day!

MLK's speech summarized

• slaves were freed but still not equal
• government has failed to deliver its promise of equality
• now is the time for the government to redeem itself
• make sure the protests are non-violent
• "I want you all to continue the hard work that has brought you here, for 

I have a dream 

that this country will change. And when it does, everyone shall rejoice."

LAD #25

Dawes Severalty Act Summarized

• this act is in order to get the Indians to become farmers
• each person will get a sizable amount of land
• based on status, etc
• After 25 years, the land is completely theirs, and they can do what they want
•  rest of the land would be sold
• money for helping indians

LAD #24

A Cross of Gold speech Summarized and Simplified

• I support Humanity.
• there exists a struggle between the wealthy and the popular people (common majority)
• "bimetallism" will allow everybody to succeed and use their preferred method of payment, etc
• Silver is the common man's currency, let them use it
• when you dont impose bimetallism, you crucify the people on a "cross of gold".

LAD #23

Populist Party Platform

• agrarian-based political party
• addressing the problems of big business and the laissez-faire Gilded Age
• Gilded Age
• had the problem of corruption of government/big businesses
• mostly everyone to be split
• either poor or extremely rich
• Failures of the current government
• removal of silver from the money supply
• hurt farmers
• Three Demands
• permanent labor union for all workers
• industrial giants cannot keep taking money out of their corporations
• railroads will be put under government administration
• Promises/goals
• Finance
• reform Finance by reintroducing silver to the currency
• establish a graduated income tax
• Transportation
• government take control of the telegraph
• telephone
• railroad services
• Ends with sentiments and list of their demands.

LAD #22

McKinley's War Message

• 3 years of fighting between the Spanish imperialists and the Cuban rebels
• U.S. decided to interfere in favor of Cuba
• wanted Spanish reach an armistice with the Cubans
• angry public in the US demanded a declaration of war from Congress
• despite Spain's intention to cooperate
• McKinley first gives three reasons why the war in Cuba is of American concern
• fighting has been going on for over a half of a century
• on and off war has caused a lot of American capital invested in Cuba to be lost
• neither party will be able to win a definitive victory 
• states that the U.S. has limited options concerning the conflict
• interfere as a neutral party imposing a compromise
• or as an ally (for one side)
• also uses the sinking of the U.S.S. Maine as a sign that the state of affairs in Cuba is intolerable
• final statement is that the Spanish government is expected to cooperate with the Americans
• reaching an armistice
• U.S. Congress declared war on Spain five days later